Journal: Neurobiology of Stress

Article Title: Lateral hypothalamus orexinergic inputs to lateral habenula modulate maladaptation after social defeat stress

doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100298

Figure Lengend Snippet: Activation of the LHA Orx -LHb Glu circuit after social defeat stress ( a ) Experimental design of the FosTRAP strategy. ( b ) Representative tdTomato expression in the LHA (top) and LHb (bottom) of nondefeated and defeated mice. ( c ) Quantification of Fos-positive cells in the LHA (top, 129.9 ± 6.877 vs. 220.4 ± 10.77, t = 7.080, p < 0.0001) and LHb (bottom, 52.40 ± 3.879 vs. 134.1 ± 6.993, t = 10.22, p < 0.0001) of non-defeated and defeated mice. ( d ) Representative overlap of tdTomato expression with neurons expressing glutamate (left), OxR2 (middle), and GAD2 (right) in the LHb of non-defeated (top) and defeated (bottom) mice. ( e ) Percentage of Fos-positive neurons in neurons expressing glutamate (left, 4.896 ± 0.3217% vs. 75.25 ± 1.751%, t = 39.52, p < 0.0001), OxR2 (middle, 28.50 ± 0.8929% vs. 79.76 ± 2.069%, t = 22.75, p < 0.0001), and GAD2 (right, 59.32 ± 1.829% vs. 47.99 ± 2.241%, t = 3.917, p = 0.0012) in non-defeated and defeated mice. ( f ) Representative overlap of tdTomato expression with the neurons expressing orexin A (OA) in the LHA of non-defeated (top) and defeated (bottom) mice. ( g ) Percentage of Fos-positive neurons in the OA-expressing neurons (27.07 ± 1.968% vs. 76.05 ± 1.905%, t = 17.88, p < 0.0001) of nondefeated and defeated mice. ( h ) Representative overlap of the neurons expressing glutamate and OxR2 in the LHb. ( i ) Percentage of glutamate expression among OxR2-positive neurons (49.74 ± 2.970%) and OxR2 expression among glutamate positive neurons (32.15 ± 2.689%). Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 (unpaired t -test). LHA, lateral hypothalamic area; LHb, lateral habenula.

Article Snippet: Orexin-A (Tocris Bioscience, USA) were dissolved in saline at a concentration of 333 pmol/μL, and the OxR2 antagonist TCS-OX2-29 (Tocris Bioscience, USA) were dissolved in 5% DMSO to 33.3 μg/μL.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Expressing

Journal: Neurobiology of Stress

Article Title: Lateral hypothalamus orexinergic inputs to lateral habenula modulate maladaptation after social defeat stress

doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100298

Figure Lengend Snippet: Infusion of OxR2 antagonist into the LHb exacerbated social avoidance and depressive behaviors after chronic social defeat stress ( a ) Representative trajectories in the social interaction tests of susceptible mice with administration of vehicle (left) or TCS-OX2-29 (right) into the LHb. ( b ) Infusion of TCS-OX2-29 into the LHb did not affect the social interaction ratios in the interaction zone (left, 0.6843 ± 0.07429 vs. 0.5095 ± 0.08592, t = 1.538, p = 0.1463) but increased the ratio in the corner zone (right, 0.8814 ± 0.2580 vs. 1.844 ± 0.2147, t = 2.869, p = 0.0124). Infusion of TCS-OX2-29 reduced the ( c ) total travel distance in the social interaction test (7.827 ± 0.8908m vs. 4.840 ± 0.7645m, t = 2.545, p = 0.0234), but did not increase ( d ) travel distance in the interaction zone (1.414 ± 0.1901m vs. 1.136 ± 0.1188m, t = 1.238, p = 0.2361) or ( e ) corner zone (1.143 ± 0.1699m vs. 0.9391 ± 0.1808m, t = 0.8227, p = 0.4245). Infusion of TCS-OX2-29 increased the ( f ) percentage of time spent immobile in the tail suspension test (52.86 ± 1.988% vs. 60.31 ± 1.356%, t = 3.095, p = 0.0079) and ( g ) percentage of time spent immobile in the forced swimming test (24.71 ± 1.967% vs. 33.91 ± 1.362%, t = 3.577, p = 0.0038). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (unpaired t -test). LHb, lateral habenula.

Article Snippet: Orexin-A (Tocris Bioscience, USA) were dissolved in saline at a concentration of 333 pmol/μL, and the OxR2 antagonist TCS-OX2-29 (Tocris Bioscience, USA) were dissolved in 5% DMSO to 33.3 μg/μL.

Techniques: Suspension